In collaboration with the Tanzanian Public-Private Partnerships Technical Working Group and the IFC’s Health in Africa Initiative, SHOPS conducted a private sector assessment in mainland Tanzania. The broad focus of the assessment was the status of existing public-private partnerships within the Tanzanian health system. It placed specific attention on the opportunities for operationalizing improved private health sector engagement in the key health areas of HIV / AIDS, malaria, TB, and reproductive and child health — specifically related to the policymaking process, health financing, and service delivery.