As the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Romania prepared to close in 2008, Banyan Global assessed the impact of the United States’ assistance to support the development of Romania’s private sector by improving its access to finance. The assessment analyzed impacts at the firm, sector, financial-sector, and business-environment levels. Entities studied included microfinance institutions, investment funds, a mortgage-finance company, and a rural-development project. The report details the states of the private and financial sectors before the U.S. government’s involvement, the types of interventions, and the changes the impacted companies and sub-sectors and the overall financial sector experienced. Report findings include lessons learned for USAID, the government of Romania, and other donors.