As USAID prepared to close in 2008, this assessment was conducted to evaluate the growth of the financial sector in Romania, identify USAID’s role in this process, and document lessons that can provide a model for donor and government programming. The assessment evaluates the financial mechanisms USAID supported in Romania since 1996, including micro-lending, rural credit, mortgage finance, and equity investment. Impacts were assessed at the firm, financial-sector, institution, and enabling-environment levels.